International Journal of Maritime Crime & Security
Volume 02 Issue 01 (September 2021)
Issue citation and reference package
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1. Editorial
Authors: Professor Chris Bellamy
Published: 05 Aug 2021
Article URL: https://ijmcs.co.uk/details&cid=22
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2. The use of private maritime guards as an innovative means to fulfil states’ duty to cooperate in the repression of maritime piracy. Part Two
Authors: Katinka Svanberg
Published: 05 Aug 2021
Article URL: https://ijmcs.co.uk/details&cid=23
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3. Climate change and its challenges for the marine environment with special reference to ecological aspects in Bangladesh
Authors: Md. Abdul Alim
Published: 05 Aug 2021
Article URL: https://ijmcs.co.uk/details&cid=24
References: Abul Kalam Md. Iqbal Faruk, 2019, Climate Change Impact on Biodiversity in Bangladesh retrieved from https://www.iucn.org/content/climate-change-impact-biodiversity-bangladesh visited on 12 July 2019. Amin, M, Ali, M, Salequzzaman, M, Identification, and impact analysis of invasive species: a case study in the Mongla sea port area of Bagerhat district of Bangladesh. 2009, Daffodil International University Journal of Science and Technology, https://www.banglajot/index/php/DIUJST/article/view4353   Bangladesh 2006. Bangladesh National Programme of Action for Protection of the Coastal and Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities, Department of Environment, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Bangladesh, May. Caponera, Dante A, 2007, Principles of Water Law and Administration National and International Law, 2nd ed, p. 225. Copeland, Claudia, 2008, "Cruise Ship Pollution: Background, Laws and Regulations, and Key Issues" Archived 25 April 2013 at the Wayback Machine. (Order Code RL32450). Congressional Research Service (Updated 6 February 2008).  “Ghost fishing' killing seabirds” in BBC News. 28 June 2007 Helsinki Convention (Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area, 1992, text published in BGBl. 1994 II p. 1397) Article 3 paragraph 4. Horizon Scan of Emerging Issues for Global Conservation in 2019 (the tenth annual edition of this study) retrieved from https://therevelator.org/wildlife-endangered-species-2019/acceded on 12 December 2020.   Hossain, M Maruf, Study of ballast from foreign ships in Chittagong https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341965485_Ballast_water_management_Bangladesh_Maritime_water_content_MMaruf_Hossain; Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2010 Bangladesh, 2010 – 2011. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics  https://catalog.ihsn.org/index.php/catalog/2257 . Accessed 10 May 2021. http://www.cites.org/eng/disc/text.shtml#XVIII accessed Nov.6, 2019. https://1.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText accessed Nov.6, 2019. https://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/Pages/BallastWaterManagement.aspx For examples of Invasive Aquatic Species (IAS), see  https://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/Pages/AquaticInvasiveSpecies(AIS).aspx (https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Implementing-the-BWM-Convention.aspx#:~:text=The%20Ballast%20Water%20Management%20Convention%20or%20BWM%20Convention%20(full%20name,potentially%20harmful%20aquatic%20organisms%20and),    https://www.dnv.com/maritime/ballast-water-management/frequently-asked-questions.html https://britanniapandi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/LR_National-ballast-water-management-requirements-03-2019.pdf 15/10/2019. imo.org/en/About/Conventions/Pages/International-Convention-for-the-Control-and-Management-of-Ships%27-Ballast-Water-and-Sediments-(BWM).aspx International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973 as modified by the Protocol of 1978(MARPOL 73/78, MARPOL is short for marine pollution and 73/78 short for the years 1973 and 1978) is one of the most important international marine environmental conventions. It was developed by the International Maritime Organization in an effort to minimize pollution of the oceans and seas, including dumping, oil and air pollution. Henceforward MARPOL. 1973/78. Islam, M. R., (edt.), 2004, Where Lands Meets the Sea. A profile of Coastal Zone of Bangladesh (Dhaka: The University Press Limited), Islam, Nazrul, 2020, a professor of Geography and Environment of the University of Dhaka, interview. Kamal Uddin Bhuiyan and Md. Jahangir Alam, 2014, “Maritime environmental laws needed to combat marine pollution” in The Daily Star, 28 October 2014 retrieved from https://www.thedailystar.net/maritime-environmental-laws-needed-to-combat-marine-pollution-47653. Khan, M. S., Rahman, M. M. and Ali, M. A. 2001 (eds). Red Data Book of Vascular Plants. Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka. Referenced in National Biodiversity and Action Plan for Bangladesh October 2006.  accehttps://www.iucn.org/sites/dev/files/import/downloads/national_biodiversity_strategy_and_action_plan_for_.pdf. Accessed 10 May 2021. MARPOL 1973/78. Preamble to the 1973 Convention. MARPOL 1973/78. Annex V has been amended multiple times, changing different aspects of the original text. At last, it came into force on 2 March 2012 to generally prohibit the discharge of any garbage into the ocean, with the exception of food wastes, cargo residues, wash-water, and animal carcasses. There are further provisions describing when and how to dispose of the acceptable wastes. MARPOL 1973/78. Annex VI amendments according with MEPC 176(58) came into force 1 July 2010. Amended Regulations 12 concerns control and record keeping of Ozone Depleting Substances. Amended Regulation 14 concerns mandatory fuel oil change over procedures for vessels entering or leaving SECA(Sulphur Emission Controlled Areas) areas and FO sulphur limits. Mason, Christopher F, 2002, Biology of Freshwater Pollution 4th ed, (UK: Pearson Education Limited)  Mizanur, M. R.,2006, A Study on Coastal Water Pollution of Bangladesh in the Bay of Bengal (2006) http://hdl.handle.net/10361/215 Rashid, T., Hoque, S. and Akter, S. “Pollution in the Bay of Bengal: Impact on Marine Ecosystem” in Open Journal of Marine Science, 5, 55-63, (2015) retrieved from  http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojms.2015.51006 Society of Master Mariners Bangladesh, http://www.smmbd.org/ballast-water-management-convention-amendments-enter-into-force/ Tanaka, Yoshifumi, (2012) The International Law of the Sea (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,), pp. 279-281. U. S. Government Accountability 2000 (7 March 2000). "Marine Pollution: Progress Made to Reduce Marine Pollution by Cruise Ships, but Important Issues Remain" (PDF)(RCED-00–48): Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 March 2010. Wilson, E. O, 2000, “A Global Biodiversity Map” in Science Journal 289 (5488) (2000): 2279. PMID 11041790.
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4. The grim realities of a ship hijacking in the Gulf of Guinea
Authors: Spyridon Chiotis, MSc
Published: 05 Aug 2021
Article URL: https://ijmcs.co.uk/details&cid=25
References: 2050 AIM STRATEGY. 2012. [online]. [Accessed 12 December 2019]. Available from World Wide Web https://cggrps.com/wp-content/uploads/2050-AIMStrategy_EN.pdf ABRAHAMSEN, WILLIAMS. 2005. The Globalisation of Private Security. [online]. [Accessed 10 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: AFRICAN UNION. 2016. The African Charter on Maritime Security and Safety and development in Africa (Lome Charter). [online]. [Accessed 18 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: BAN KI-MOON. 2010. United Nation News. [online]. [Accessed 10 Feb 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: BMP5. 2018. BMP5. [online]. [Accessed 19 January 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: BRAUND, D.C. 1993. Piracy under the principate and the ideology of imperial eradication. In: G. Shipley J. RICH, (ed). War and society in the Roman world, London: Routledge, pp.195-212. CHINAZOR MEGBOLU. 2019. Nigeria maritime 360. [online]. [Accessed 11 March 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: CYRIL OBI. 2009. Nigeria’s Niger Delta: Understanding the Complex Drivers of Violent Oil-related Conflict. Africa Development. XXXIV (2), pp.103-128. DAVID RIDER. 2018. http://www.marsecreview.com/.[online]. [Accessed 12 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: DIRK SIEBELS. 2019. Maritime Security in East and West Africa. Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. DIRK SIEBELS. Sleeping with bended knees? Regional efforts to improve maritime security in West and Central Africa. [online]. [Accessed 10 April 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: DOMINIC DONALD. 2011. Sanctuary, Shipowners and Paying Ransoms. The RUSI Journal. 156(6), pp.12-19. ECOWAS. 2018. Action Plan to Address Illicit Drug Trafficking, Organized Crime and Drug Abuse in West Africa. Abuja: ECOWAS Commission, p.22. ERIC FRÉCON. 2006. Indonesia Key to End Piracy in Malacca Straits. The Jakarta Post, 6 August. EU. 2014. E.U. Maritime Security Strategy. [online]. [Accessed 17 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: EU. 2015. EU GoG 2015-2020 Action Plan. [online]. [Accessed 17 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: EU. 2018. Revised Maritime Security Action Plan. [online]. [Accessed 17 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: EUROPEAN PARLIAMENTARY RESEARCH SERVICE. 2019. Piracy and Robbery off the coast of Africa. [online]. [Accessed 4 January 2020]. Available from WorldWide Web: EUROPEAN PARLIAMENTARY RESEARCH SERVICE. 2019. Piracy and Robbery off the coast of Africa. [online]. [Accessed 4 January 2020]. Available from World Wide Web:   EUROPIAN UNION NAVAL FORCE. Operation Atalanta. [online]. [Accessed 2 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: FCWC. The Fisheries Committee for the West Central Gulf of Guinea (FCWC). [online]. [Accessed 7 April 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: FRANCE DIPLOMATIE. 2014. [online]. [Accessed 17 Ferbruary 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: GOGIN. Gulf of Guinea Inter Regional Network. [online]. [Accessed 17 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: I.G. P&I. 2020. Nato.int. [online]. [Accessed 31 March 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: IMB. ICS. [online]. [Accessed 14 March 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: IMO 1405. 2012. IMO. [online]. [Accessed 16 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: IMO. 2009. IMO. [online]. [Accessed 18 January 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: IMO. 2009. IMO - MSC.1/Circ.1334. [online]. [Accessed 10 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: IMO GUIDELINES. [online]. [Accessed 18 February 2020]. Available from WorldWide Web: IMO MSC CIRC 1525. 2016. IMO. [online]. [Accessed 6 April 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: IMO PIRACY RELATED CIRCULARS. [online]. [Accessed 18 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: International Chamber of Commerce. 2019. [online]. [Accessed 2 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: INTERPOL. Presence. [online]. [Accessed 19 February 2020]. Available from: JACOBSEN AND NORDY. 2015. MARITIME SECURITY IN THE GULF OF GUINEA. Copenhagen: Royal Danish Defence College Publishing House. JAMES PATTISON. 2014. Justa Piratica: the ethics of piracy. Review of International Studies., p.634. JANICE J. GABBERT. 1986. Piracy in the Early Hellenistic Period: A Career Open to Talents. Greece & Rome. 33(2), pp.156-163. JOINT WAR COMMITTEE. 2019. Listed Areas for Hull, War, Piracy, Terrorism and Related Perils. [online]. [Accessed 17 February 2020]. Available from   JON VAGG. 1995. ROUGH SEAS? Contemporary Piracy in Southeast Asia. The British Journal of Criminology. 35(1), pp.69-74. JOSIAH OSGOOD. 2010. CAESAR AND THE PIRATES: OR HOW TO MAKE (AND BREAK) AN ANCIENT LIFE. Greece and Rome. 57(2), pp.319-336. JÜRGEN STOCK. 2016. INTERPOL. [online]. [Accessed 17 February 2020]. Available from KASHMIRA GANDER. 2014. Isi’s hostage threat: Which countries pay ransoms to release their citizens? [online]. [Accessed 12 February 2020]. Available from: LYDELLE JOUBERT. 2019. Stable Seas. [online]. [Accessed 12 December 2019]. Available from World Wide Web: MARITIME ORGANISATIONS GUIDANCE. 2018. [online]. [Accessed 14 March 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: MARTIN MURPHY. 2007. Contemporary Piracy and Maritime Terrorism. New York: International Institute for Strategic Studies. MEJIA ET AL. 2010. Piracy in Shipping. [online]. [Accessed 10 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: MICHAEL DAY. 2015. The price of freedom: Did Italy pay a €12m ransom for the release of aid workers in Syria? [online]. [Accessed 12 February 2020]. Available from: Oceans and Law of the Seas. 1982. [online]. [Accessed 5 March 2020]. Available from: OCEANS BEYOND PIRACY. Oceans Byond Piracy. [online]. [Accessed 10 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: OECD. 2013. SECURITY IN MARITIME TRANSPORT. [online]. [Accessed 3 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: ORGANISATION FOR SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE. 2020. [online]. [Accessed 10 April 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: PETER COOK. 2018. Fairplay.ihs.com. [online]. [Accessed 2 April 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: PORT AUTHORITY OF DOUALA. 2019. Gard.no. [online]. [Accessed 4 September 2019]. Available from World Wide Web: RASMUS NORD JORGENSEN. 2020. BIMCO. [online]. [Accessed 9 March 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: SEUN AND MEGBOLU. 2020. Nigeriamaritime360. [online]. [Accessed 9 March 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: SUMAILA AND BAWUMIA. 2014. Fisheries, ecosystem justice and piracy: A case study of Somalia. Fisheries Research. 157, pp.154-163. THE SWEDISH CLUB. 2019. [online]. [Accessed 29 January 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: TOLA ADENUBI. 2020. Nigerian Tribune. [online]. [Accessed 11 March 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: U.N. 2014. Prevention of kidnapping and hostage-taking committed by terrorist groups. [online]. [Accessed 12 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: UN, ECOWAS. United Nations. [online]. [Accessed 18 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: UNCLOS. [online]. [Accessed 18 January 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: UNCLOS RATIFICATION. 2020. Chronological lists of ratifications of, accessions and successions to the Convention and the related Agreements. [online]. [Accessed 8 April 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: UNCLOS. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. [online]. [Accessed 5 January 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: UNCTAD. 2014. MARITIME PIRACY: AN OVERVIEW OF TRENDS, COSTS AND TRADE-RELATED IMPLICATIONS. Geneva: United Nations. UNCTAD STATISTICS. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. [online]. [Accessed 4 January 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: UNCTAD-STAT. 2019. [online]. [Accessed 21 January 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: UNITED NATIONS. 2004. UNCATOC. [online]. [Accessed 24 January 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE ET AL. 2015. Africacenter.org. [online]. [Accessed 8 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: U.S. Department of Justice. 2020. [online]. [Accessed 19 January 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: US MSSR. 2010. Maritime Security Sector Reform Guide. [online]. [Accessed 18 February 2020]. Available from World Wide Web: WORLD MARITIME NEWS. 2019. [online]. [Accessed 12 March 2020]. Available from World Wide Web:
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5. The war for muddy waters: pirates, terrorists, traffickers and maritime security
Published: 05 Aug 2021
Article URL: https://ijmcs.co.uk/details&cid=26
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6. Global Britain in a competitive age. The Integrated Review of Security, Defence, Development and Foreign Policy Presented to Parliament by the Prime Minister by Command of Her Majesty. March 2021.
Published: 05 Aug 2021
Article URL: https://ijmcs.co.uk/details&cid=27
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7. Sources for maritime crime and security. Additional maritime crime and security resources online
Authors: Peter Cook
Published: 05 Aug 2021
Article URL: https://ijmcs.co.uk/details&cid=30
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